The Mathematical Model and an Genetic Algorithm for the Two-Echelon Electric Vehicle Routing Problem

The Electric Two-echelon Vehicle Routing Problem

Two-echelon distribution systems are attractive from an economical standpoint and help keeping large vehicles out of densely populated city centers. Large trucks can be used to deliver goods to intermediate facilities in accessible locations, whereas smaller vehicles allow to reach the final customers. Due to their reduced size, pollution, and noise emissions, multiple distribution companies ar...

the algorithm for solving the inverse numerical range problem

برد عددی ماتریس مربعی a را با w(a) نشان داده و به این صورت تعریف می کنیم w(a)={x8ax:x ?s1} ، که در آن s1 گوی واحد است. در سال 2009، راسل کاردن مساله برد عددی معکوس را به این صورت مطرح کرده است : برای نقطه z?w(a)، بردار x?s1 را به گونه ای می یابیم که z=x*ax، در این پایان نامه ، الگوریتمی برای حل مساله برد عددی معکوس ارانه می دهیم.

A new Bi-objective model for a Two-echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Perishable Products with the Environmental Factor

In multi-echelon distribution strategy freight is delivered to customers via intermediate depots. Rather than using direct shipments, this strategy is an increasingly popular one in urban logistics. This is primarily to alleviate the environmental (e.g., energy usage and congestion) and social (e.g., traffic-related air pollution, accidents and noise) consequences of logistics operations. This ...

Models and Cuts for the Two-Echelon Vehicle Routing Problem

In Multi-Echelon Vehicle Routing Problems the delivery from one or more depots to the customers is managed by routing and consolidating the freight through intermediate depots, called satellites. This family of problems differs from Multi-Echelon Distribution Systems present in the literature. In the latter the attention is focused on the flow assignment among the levels only, while we also con...

An Exact Algorithm for the Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem